linux??????????
???????????? ???????[ 2013/10/23 11:34:10 ] ????????
????/var?? ??
????/var ???????????????????????.???????????????????????????????????????.
????/var/catman
????????????????man???cache.man?????????????/usr/man/man* ?校???些man???????????????姹�??????/usr/man/cat* ??.????????man??????慰????????????????????姹�????/var/man ?校??????????????????????????????????. (/var/catman ????????????????????????.)
????/var/lib
???????????????????????.
????/var/local
????/usr/local ?邪??????????????(?????????????????).???????????????????????????????????/var ????????/var/lock .
????/var/lock
???????????.???????????/var/lock ?胁?????????????????????????????????????????????璞�?????.?????????????????????????????????????璞�?????.
????/var/log
????????????Log??????????login (/var/log/wtmp log???械????????????) ??syslog (/var/log/messages ??娲�???泻?????????????. /var/log ????????????????????????????????.
????/var/run
???????娴�?鈥�????????效???????????????.???纾� /var/run/utmp ????????????????????.
????/var/spool
????mail?? news?? ??????泻????????泄???????.????????spool??/var/spool ??????????????????纾�???????????/var/spool/mail ??.
????/var/tmp
??????/tmp ??????????????????????????. (???????????????????/var/tmp ?泻??????.)
??????????????
?????? Linux ???校??屑??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????/etc?? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????锟�?????????????????????????????????????????????????????校??????????????????????渭? /etc/rc.d/init.d ??????????????? init.d ??????????些 Linux ??????? scripts ???????????????? ???????????? /etc/rc.d/rc.local ???????????????械???
????/bin?? /sbin?? /usr/bin?? /usr/sbin?? ????????????????????????????? root ???????? userconf?? netconf?? perl?? gcc?? c++ ????????????????????校??????????????????????????????械??????????????????胁???椋�
????/bin?? /usr/bin ?????????????????
????/sbin?? /usr/sbin ???????????????????
????/usr/local?? ??????????????????????????????????????纾�???????懈??渭? Web ??????? Apache ????????????????????? rpm ???????????????????????? apache ??????????? /usr/local ???????????????懈?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? /usr/local/bin ???路???????? path ?小?
????/home?? ???????????????????????????????
????/var?? ???路????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????胁??????????????? mail ???????????????????????????????
????/usr/share/man?? /usr/local/man?? ?????????????????????????????????????????? man man???????????????????????渭???????????
???????????
??????????????????????????谓??????????????????????????????????????? ( d ?? - ) ???????????????????????????????????Linux ?????????????械???
?????????
???????????( regular file )????????????????????? ls –al ?????????????????妫�?????????? [ - ]?????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????(ascii) ?????? Unix ???卸?????????????????????????????瓒�?????????????????
?????????????(binary) ???????械????? scripts ???????????????????????????????????
?????? (directory)?????????????????? [ d ]??
???????? (link)???????? Windows ???渭??????????????????? [ l ]??
?????璞�?? (device)??????????????些???????????????? /dev ???????锟�?????????????
???????? (block) ?璞�?? ?????些???????????????????????璞�??????????????????????????????????? /dev/hda1 ????????????????????? [ b ]??
??????? (character) ?璞�?? ???????些???卸??????璞�?????????????????????????? [ c ]??
????Linux ???????( inode )??
?????? Linux ?????校?????????????????????????????????????????????????纾�??????椤�???????????????小?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????妫�??????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????? ext2 ?婊�?? inode ?? Block ????????????????( ???? inode ???? )???????????( ?????? Block area ???? )??
???????????????? partition ?????( format )? ext2 ??????????? inode ?? Block ???小???校????????? partition ???????? ext2 ??????????????????? inode table ?? block area ??????????
????Block ??????????????????????????小??位??
??????? inode ??????????????? Block ???????????????????????????? inode ??????????????????????????????????????????? Block ?????????????????? inode ?????????????????????????????????( pointer )????????????????????????????校????貌????????????????????????????
?????????????????????(owner/group)??
?????????????????
????????????????
??????????????????(ctime)??????蔚??????(atime)??????????? (mtime)??
?????????????????
???????????????????(flag)???? SetUID...??
????????????????????? (pointer)??
??????

???路???
??????????????????
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