數據驅動測試
數據驅動測試的核心是：測試數據與測試腳本分離，實現測試腳本參數化，提高測試腳本的可重用性。在自動化功能測試中如果靈活使用數據源與測試腳本，便能輕松創建與運行成百上千個測試用例。自動化測試框架必須要有與電子表格、文本文件、數據庫集成的能力。
TestNG
TestNG是受JUnit和NUnit測試框架的啟發而設計的，但引其中入一些新的功能，使它更強大和更容易使用。(JUnit和NUnit我沒用過，不做評價)
Apache POI
Apache POI項目的使命是開發和維護各種基于Office Open XML 標準(OOXML)和微軟文檔格式的Java api，使用Apache POI，可以方便讀寫微軟EXCEL、word、ppt等文檔。
怎么做：
第一步：工具準備
第二步：創建一個登錄接口測試用例
第三步：用Excel創建測試數據
第四步：使用Apache POI打開與讀取Excel數據
第五步：創建TestNg測試用例并使用Data Provider從Excel讀取數據
第六步：根據測試用例名稱運行測試
第一步：工具準備
1.OS：win10 家庭中文版
2.JDK:jdk-8u66-windows-x64.exe
3.Eclipse:eclipse-inst-win64.exe
4.TestNG插件
5.HttpClient:httpcomponents-client-4.5.2-bin.zip
6.Apache POI:poi-bin-3.14.zip
第二步：創建一個查詢接口測試用例
1.創建一個TestNG類：DataProviderTest
2.引用注釋Dataprovider，這個方法會返回對象數組
3.準備兩條數據，一條url，一條POST的json參數
4.在@Test下寫一個查詢測試用例
package testData;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DataProviderTest {
@DataProvider(name="Authentication")
public static Object[][] credentials(){
String p1="http://192.168.1.55:8182/ebe/api/query_server/v1/query";
String pd="{'sqlText':'select * from ts'，'pageSize':'100'，'pageNum':'1'}";
return new Object[][] {{p1，pd}};
}
@Test(dataProvider="Authentication")
public void QuickStart(String p1，String pd) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(p1);
JSONObject jsonParam=new JSONObject(pd);
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParam.toString()，"utf-8");
entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
entity.setContentType("application/json");
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
try {
System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity2));
// do something useful with the response body
// and ensure it is fully consumed
EntityUtils.consume(entity2);
} finally {
response2.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
}
}
第三步：用Excel創建測試數據
1.在該項目下新建一個testdata.xlxs文件，并寫入內容
測試數據.png
第四步：使用Apache POI打開與讀取Excel數據
1.我們需要從Excel中讀取測試數據，所以這里是用Apache POI對Excel進行操作。
package testData;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class ExcelUtils {
private static XSSFSheet ExcelWSheet;
private static XSSFWorkbook ExcelWBook;
private static XSSFCell Cell;
private static XSSFRow Row;
public static Object[][] getTableArray(String FilePath， String SheetName) throws Exception {
String[][] tabArray = null;
try {
FileInputStream ExcelFile = new FileInputStream(FilePath);
// Access the required test data sheet
ExcelWBook = new XSSFWorkbook(ExcelFile);
ExcelWSheet = ExcelWBook.getSheet(SheetName);
int startRow = 1;
int startCol = 1;
int ci，cj;
int totalRows = ExcelWSheet.getLastRowNum();
System.out.println(totalRows);
// you can write a function as well to get Column count
int totalCols = 2;
System.out.println(totalCols);
tabArray=new String[totalRows][totalCols];
ci=0;
for (int i=startRow;i<=totalRows;i++， ci++) {
cj=0;
for (int j=startCol;j<=totalCols;j++， cj++){
tabArray[ci][cj]=getCellData(i，j);
System.out.println(tabArray[ci][cj]);
}
}
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e){
System.out.println("Could not read the Excel sheet");
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (IOException e){
System.out.println("Could not read the Excel sheet");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return(tabArray);
}
public static String getCellData(int RowNum， int ColNum) throws Exception {
try{
Cell = ExcelWSheet.getRow(RowNum).getCell(ColNum);
int dataType = Cell.getCellType();
if (dataType == 3) {
return "";
}
else{
String CellData = Cell.getStringCellValue();
return CellData;
}
}
catch (Exception e){
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
throw (e);
}
}
}
